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Abstract Water

The journey to Clean Drinking Water

The Importance of Clean Water in Rural Health
 

The advancement of technology to provide safe drinking water to every household has been one of the most significant strides in safeguarding public health. When this breakthrough occurred in the early 20th century, there was a dramatic decline in waterborne diseases and infant mortality rates. Today, every Cameroonian expects access to clean, potable water from their taps, but unfortunately, this is not always the reality. Despite Cameroon's abundance of water resources and pristine wilderness, the country has struggled with a high rate of waterborne illnesses.

Access to clean water is foundational to the health and well-being of individuals in rural communities. In many rural areas, the availability and quality of water directly impact the overall health, quality of life, and economic productivity of its people. 

Contaminated water is a major cause of waterborne diseases like cholera, dysentery, typhoid, and diarrhea. These diseases can lead to severe illness, dehydration, and even death, particularly among vulnerable groups such as children and the elderly. Having access to safe and clean drinking water significantly reduces the risk of these diseases, promoting better health and reducing healthcare costs in rural areas. 

Clean water is necessary for basic hygiene practices, such as handwashing, cooking, and cleaning. When water is contaminated, people may avoid using it for essential hygiene tasks, increasing the risk of infections and diseases.

CAMPROSAM is working with its partners to provide safe drinking water to rural communities through borehole drilling, reservoir construction, water distribution systems, and treatment processes. These efforts collectively aim to improve access to clean water and safeguard public health.

Borehole Drilling: Boreholes are drilled to access underground water sources, often from aquifers. This method provides a reliable, year-round supply of water, especially in rural areas where surface water sources may be scarce or contaminated. Borehole drilling helps communities bypass unsafe water sources like rivers or ponds, reducing the risk of waterborne diseases. 

Reservoir Construction: CAMPROSAM supports the construction of reservoirs to store water for distribution during dry periods or when demand exceeds immediately supply. These reservoirs ensure a consistent and dependable water supply for communities, especially in areas with seasonal rainfall variations. They also help store water in the event of natural disruptions, providing greater resilience to the community. 

Water Distribution System Construction: CAMPROSAM works to build water distribution networks  that bring treated water directly to households, schools, health centers, and other essential locations in rural communities. This infrastructure helps reduce the time spent collecting water, particularly for women and children, and ensures that everyone has access to safe, clean water without having to travel long distances. To ensure the water is safe for drinking, CAMPROSAM uses chlorination and filtration methods. 

The combined efforts of borehole drilling, reservoir construction, water distribution systems, and treatment processes have significantly impacts:

Improved Health: Reducing exposure to contaminated water leads to fewer waterborne diseases, contributing to better public health, especially for children.

Economic Development: Access to clean water contributes to better sanitation, which in turn supports economic activities like farming and small businesses, improving the overall quality of life in rural areas. 

Sustainability: By involving communities in the maintenance and management of water systems, CAMPROSAM ensures that these water supply systems are sustainable and can be maintained long term. Through these integrated water supply solutions, CAMPROSAM is helping rural communities in Cameroon achieve safer and more sustainable water access. 

The 6 CAMPROSAM Principles for Clean Drinking Water

Community Involvement

Involving the local community in planning, decision-making , and implementation ensures that water projects are culturally appropriate and that the community takes ownership of the project for sustainability

Assessment

Conduct thorough assessments of local water sources, infrastructure, and water quality to understand the specific challenges and needs of the community

Monitoring

Implement regular monitoring of water quality and quantity. This includes checking for contaminants and ensuring that water delivery is consistent and reliable.

Planning

Developed detailed plans that are tailored to the community's context, including sustainable management, emergency response strategies, and infrastructure design.

Maintenance

Awareness

Develop a plan for regular maintenance and repair of water systems to ensure long-term functionality and prevent disruptions in supply. 

Educate the community on the importance of clean water, proper sanitation practices, and hygiene. This helps prevent contamination and promotes healthy water usage habits.

CAMPROSAM's Effective Methods for Ensuring Safe Drinking Water

Community Participation

Engaging local communities throughout the planning, implementation, and management processes ensures that water systems meet the specific needs of the community while fostering a sense of ownership.

Water Quality Monitoring

Regular water quality testing is conducted to ensure the water is free from harmful contaminants. Both local and external teams monitor the water to detect any risks to public health.

Sustainable Water Management

Emphasis is placed on creating systems that are financially viable and environmentally sustainable, using renewable energy for pumping where possible and promoting efficient water use.

Infrastructure Development

CAMPROSAM supports the construction of appropriate water systems, such as boreholes, wells, and rainwater harvesting systems, designed to provide a reliable and safe water supply tailored to local conditions.

Training and Capacity Building

CAMPROSAM trains community members on how to maintain water systems, monitor water quality, and promote hygiene practices, ensuring the systems' long-term sustainability.

Maintenance and Repairs

Clear plans are established for regular maintenance and rapid repairs of water systems, ensuring the continuous availability of safe water.

Water Source Protection

Protecting water sources from contamination is a priority. Measures such as proper sanitation, source fencing, and educational campaigns are implemented to safeguard the water supply.

Hygiene and Sanitation Awareness

Education campaigns are conducted to teach communities about proper hygiene practices, such as handwashing and safe water storage, to prevent waterborne diseases.

Collaboration with Stakeholders

CAMPROSAM works with local governments, International NGOs, and other partners to integrate water projects into broader development efforts, ensuring their success and longevity. 

Disinfection Methods

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Chlorination

Chlorine, either in liquid or tablet form, is added to the water at specific dosages. The dosage depends on factors such as the quality of the water source, its contamination level, and the volume of water being treated. 

After chlorine is added, the water is allowed to stand for specific period of time (contact time) to ensure that the chlorine has sufficient time to disinfect the water. This can range from a few minutes to several hours depending on the local guidelines.

CAMPROSAM often uses simple mixing techniques to ensure that chlorine is evenly distributed throughout the water.

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